Cephalic Duodenopancreatectomy in the Surgical Treatment of Patients with a Diagnosis of Periampular Tumor

Abstract

Introduction: Duodenopancreatectomy is an extremely complex, high-risk procedure of choice in the treatment of periampullary tumors.

Objective: To describe the results of cephalic duodenopancreatectomy in the surgical treatment of patients with periampullary tumor in the institution where the study was performed.

Methods: An observational, descriptive, ambispective and cross-sectional study was conducted at Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Docente Hermanos Ameijeiras, from January 2012 to December 2018. The nonprobability sample by convenience consisted of 150 patients and the studied variables were preoperative diagnosis, type of surgery, complications and mortality.

Results: The studied sample was predominantly aged between 60-69 years (32.7 %),

male (55.3 %), with tumor located in the pancreas (50 %) and whose size measured two centimeters or over (64 %), apart from being classified as moderately differentiated (36 %). Surgical time was less than 6 hours (72 %), with intraoperative bleeding of less than 1000 mL (85.3 %), which required blood transfusion (87.3 % of cases), with a median of 2.15 ± 0.6 units. Postoperative complications due to surgical site infection (32.7 %) occurred in 76.7 % of the patients. The mean hospital stay was between 21.1 ± 8.44 days. Mortality at 30 days, 90 days and 12 months was 10.7 %, 12.7 % and 14.7 %, respectively.

Conclusions: Cephalic duodenopancreatectomy shows good intraoperative results with high percentages of postoperative complications, postoperative stay and mortality in the institution where the study was performed, a behavior that coincided with the ranges described in the literature.