Characterization of Patients with Urgent Colorectal Disease

Abstract

Introduction: Acute surgical abdomen accounts for the highest percentage of emergency interventions worldwide; each year, one in every 25 patients undergoes surgery, which amounts to more than 234 million major interventions annually worldwide.

Objective: To characterize patients with urgent colorectal disease at the Vladimir Ilich Lenin University General Hospital in Holguín, from November 2018 to January 2021.

Methods: A prospective descriptive observational study was conducted with 225 patients diagnosed with urgent colorectal surgery that agreed to participate in the study and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results: At the end of the study, the prevalence of male patients between 40 and 50 years of age with prevalent associated diseases such as high blood pressure and diabetes mellitus was found to be higher in emergency colorectal surgery due to a diagnosis of intestinal obstruction caused by a colon tumor. The most commonly used surgical technique was intestinal resection, followed by divertional colostomy.

Conclusions: Morbidity in emergency colorectal surgery is high, especially in patients with comorbid conditions and postoperative complications, which requires the specialist to make an accurate diagnosis and provide pre-, trans-, and postoperative treatment that minimizes the potentially high mortality rate in these cases.