Characterization of Patients with Small, Uncomplicated Inguinal Hernias
Keywords:
small inguinal hernia; risk factors; surgical treatmentAbstract
Introduction: Hernia disease is a focus of attention in academic and scientific-technological circles, which has led to the development of various classification systems related to surgical management.
Objective: To characterize patients with small, uncomplicated inguinal hernias according to associated risk factors and the surgical technique used.
Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in the general surgery department of the Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba during the period 2015–2018, involving a series of 287 patients who underwent surgery for small, uncomplicated inguinal hernias. The following variables were studied: age, sex, exposure to heavy physical exertion, place of origin, comorbidities, and surgical techniques used.
Results: Bioprosthesis and conventional surgical techniques were used in 95.8% and 4.2% of patients, respectively. Bioprosthesis techniques were more common in patients over 65 years of age (37.3%). Males accounted for 91.5% of the cohort; among them, bioprostheses were used in 87.3%. 73.2% of the cohort was not exposed to heavy physical exertion; in 69.7% of this group, bioprosthesis techniques were used because they presented other associated risk factors.
Conclusions: In patients with small, uncomplicated inguinal hernias, identifying associated risk factors helps guide the selection of surgical treatment. The Lichtenstein technique is confirmed to be safe, and the use of bioprostheses—even in small hernias—helps reduce recurrence when these risk factors are taken into account.
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