Behavior of Minimally Invasive Surgery in Gynecological Cancer at the National Institute of Oncology

Abstract

Introduction: Laparoscopic surgical treatment is used in patients with endometrial cancer and early stage cervical-uterine cancer, as well as for the surgical staging of ovarian cancer.

Objective: To describe the behavior of minimally invasive surgery in gynecological cancer in patients of the National Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology of Cuba.

Methods: A descriptive, observational and retrospective study was carried out, in all the patients with gynecological cancer (n=112) treated by laparoscopic surgery, in the period from March 2018 to March 2019 at the National Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology. The variables studied were age, body mass index, diagnosis, histological type, among others.

Results: The predominant age group was 61 to 70 years. The most frequent diagnosis was endometrial adenocarcinoma, accounting for with 54.46 %. The most frequently used surgical procedure was total hysterectomy with double adnexectomy. Regarding body mass index, obese women represented 40.17 %. The mean operative time was 96.3 minutes, with a range of 33 to 143 minutes; while hospital stay was less than 24 hours in 98.21 % of the patients. There were no complications, while surgical conversion was performed in 1.79 % of the cases.

Conclusions: Laparoscopic surgery in patients with gynecologic cancer is a feasible procedure and an effective alternative for patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma and early stage cervical carcinoma, as well as for ovarian cancer staging.