Prevalencia y análisis de factores de infección de sitio quirúrgico en clínica de heridas

Diana Carolina Gutiérrez Rivera; José Luis Reyes Torres; Aldo Ulises Osorio León; Javier García Lara; Karla Ivette Álvarez Aguirre; José Martín Torres Benítez

Authors

Diana Carolina Gutiérrez Rivera Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Hospital General de Tampico Dr. Carlos Canseco, Tampico, Tamaulipas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5971-1742
José Luis Reyes Torres Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Hospital General de Tampico Dr. Carlos Canseco, Tampico, Tamaulipas https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6302-514X
Aldo Ulises Osorio León Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Hospital General de Tampico Dr. Carlos Canseco, Tampico, Tamaulipas https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7959-6457
Javier García Lara Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Hospital General de Tampico Dr. Carlos Canseco, Tampico, Tamaulipas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8436-1588
Karla Ivette Álvarez Aguirre Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Hospital General de Tampico Dr. Carlos Canseco, Tampico, Tamaulipas https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5041-1543
José Martín Torres Benítez Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Hospital General de Tampico Dr. Carlos Canseco, Tampico, Tamaulipas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4716-5086

Keywords:

surgical site infection, prevalence, wound clinic, days of hospital stay, ASA classification.

Abstract

Introduction: Surgical wound infection causes high morbidity rates and impacts mortality rates. It is the first in-hospital infection among surgical patients of all nosocomial infections and the first among surgical patients. There are risk factors that influence its development, such as the ASA classification, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension and days of hospital stay.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of surgical site infections from surgeries performed at Hospital Dr. Carlos Canseco, of Tampico, a city in the Mexican state of Tamaulipas.

Methods: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional and retrospective study was carried out with 54 patients with a diagnosis of surgical site infection. The study variables were classified as dependent variables (gender, age, place of origin, days of hospital stay, weight and body mass index) and independent variables (diagnosis, surgical procedure performed, and given ASA classification).

Results: The population aged 40 to 50 years was the most affected, with a greater predominance of the female gender. ASA classification II and III had a higher prevalence of surgical site infection, above all in elective surgeries (28 %). The longer the hospital stay, the higher the probability of developing surgical site infection.

Conclusions: The prevalence of surgical site infection in patients operated on by the different surgical services is not similar to that reported by other authors. ASA Classification II and III presented surgical site infection more frequently, while the most remarkable comorbidity in this study was body mass index as a risk factor that should not go unnoticed.