High-resolution Anoscopy for Diagnosing Anal Neoplasia in Patients with Human Papillomavirus

Abstract

Introduction: High-resolution anoscopy allows for the diagnosis of anal intraepithelial neoplasia in patients with human papillomavirus.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of high-resolution anoscopy in the diagnosis of anal intraepithelial neoplasia in patients with lesions caused by human papillomavirus.

Methods: A descriptive, prospective, longitudinal study was conducted to evaluate diagnostic methods from March 2022 to September 2023 in the coloproctology department of the Hermanos Ameijeiras Surgical Clinical Hospital in patients with a history of human papillomavirus infection, who underwent high-resolution anoscopy to diagnose anal intraepithelial neoplasia. The sample consisted of 15 patients. Quantitative variables were summarized using the mean and standard deviation, and qualitative variables were summarized using the mean. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were estimated.

Results: The mean age was 37.73 years, with anal receptive intercourse as the predominant factor in 73.3% of patients, unprotected anal sex in 66.7%, and human papillomavirus (66.7%). Sensitivity was 58.3%, specificity was 33.3%, and the positive predictive value was 77.8%.

Conclusions: High-resolution anoscopy in the diagnosis of anal intraepithelial neoplasia in patients with lesions caused by human papillomavirus is a feasible and effective procedure, with high sensitivity and positive predictive value.